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關山野生動物重要棲息環境生物資源調查計畫(二)
台東師範學院自然科學教育學系 劉教授炯錫
摘 要
台東林區管理處所轄之關山野生動物重要棲息環境,是台灣東部面積最大的野生動物重要棲息環境。關山野生動物重要棲息環境可分為四部分,關山事業區第13—24林班為其中之一,本調查研究於此一區域進行生物資源調查,並針對當地布農族居民進行訪談,以了解本區域內各種生物資源之分布與概況。經過16次的調查,共紀錄到蕨類植物有24科136種,裸子植物5科16種,被子植物105科585種,合計134科737種維管束植物。並記錄哺乳類紀錄到12科29種;鳥類紀錄到20科57種;爬蟲類有5科11種;兩棲類4科8種;魚類2科4種。
本研究將本區域之植物相分為十二類,結合實地調查、耆老訪談、航空照片判識,將各種植相之分布區域與面積繪製於地圖上。另也將哺乳類動物相以地圖呈現。本研究同時也訪問了當地布農族之地名,以便與生物資源調查之成果做一輔助與對照。
本區域生態幅員廣大,包含各種完整林相,野生動物資源亦顯豐富。但向陽滑石礦場對新武呂溪水質與魚類生態造成明顯不利衝擊,建議管理單位向台東縣政府環境保護局檢舉。部分區域內登山遊客之行為偏差,有待導正,建議向陽森林遊樂區開始營運後,能列入宣導教育內容。霧鹿林道仍有非法盜獵野生動物情事,建議加強推動社區林業,和當地居民保育共生,以維護生態。
關鍵字:關山野生動物重要棲息環境、野生動物、植群生態、原住民
Investigation of Biological Resources in Kuanshan 13—24 Forest Stand of Kuanshan Major Wildlife Habitat.
Abstract
The Kuanshan Major Wildlife Habitat is the largest major wildlife habitat area in east Taiwan. Kuanshan 13—24 forest stand is one of the four major area of this Wildlife Habitat. After one-year investigation, we recorded 134 families 737 species of vascular plants, 12 families 29 species of mammals, 20 families 57 species of birds, 5 families 11 species of reptiles, 4 families 8 species of amphibians, 2 families 4 species of freshwater fish.
We divided the vegetation into 12 types first. Then we drew the vegetation map by combination of on-site inspection, elder consultation, and aerial photograph reading. We also drew wildlife map and Bunun indigenous map.
The research area still maintains complete flora and fauna. But there are some problems. The pollution of the unique mining site had made the stream ecosystem poor fish fauna. The tourists feed the monkeys and throw away trash also may change the natural ecosystem. We suggest the forest manager may improve these disadvantage impacts by prosecuting and environmental education.
Keywords: Kuanshan Major Wildlife Habitat, vegetation, wildlife, indigenous people,
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最後更新日期:2016-06-21